DHAKA UNIVERSITY: A HISTORICAL AND ACADEMIC LANDMARK OF BANGLADESH

Dhaka University: A Historical and Academic Landmark of Bangladesh

Dhaka University: A Historical and Academic Landmark of Bangladesh

Blog Article

Introduction


The University of Dhaka, often regarded as the "Oxford of the East," is one of the oldest and most prestigious higher education institutions in Bangladesh. Established in 1921, the university has played a significant role in shaping the educational, cultural, and political landscape of the region. Over its long history, Dhaka University has been the birthplace of several notable leaders, scholars, and intellectuals who have contributed to the development of the country. This article will explore the history, academic reputation, cultural impact, and the significant contributions of Dhaka University to the nation.

 

Founding of Dhaka University


The University of Dhaka was established under the British colonial administration in 1921, with the primary goal of catering to the growing demand for higher education in the region. The need for an educational institution arose after the partition of Bengal in 1905, which had divided the region into two parts: East Bengal (now Bangladesh) and West Bengal (now part of India). While the Indian subcontinent had a rich tradition of education, East Bengal faced challenges in providing higher education to its population.

The idea of founding a university in Dhaka gained momentum during the 1910s, with several prominent figures and educationists advocating for a center of higher learning in the region. Sir P. H. Newland, the then Lieutenant Governor of Bengal, played an instrumental role in establishing the university. On July 1, 1921, Dhaka University was inaugurated with the aim of providing higher education to the people of East Bengal and promoting intellectual and cultural development.

The university was established with four faculties: Arts, Science, Law, and Theology, and it began with around 900 students. The initial challenges were significant, but over time, the institution became a hub for intellectuals, scholars, and political leaders.

Historical Significance of Dhaka University


Dhaka University has been at the heart of several pivotal moments in the history of Bangladesh, particularly in the struggle for independence. It has played an integral role in fostering nationalist movements, political activism, and the promotion of Bengali identity.

  1. Language Movement of 1952: One of the most notable historical events linked with Dhaka University is the Language Movement of 1952. On February 21, 1952, students from the university, along with citizens of Dhaka, protested against the government's decision to impose Urdu as the sole official language of Pakistan. The students' protests led to the tragic deaths of several demonstrators. This event was a turning point in the history of Bangladesh and is now commemorated as International Mother Language Day. Dhaka University played a key role in the movement, and the language protests strengthened the Bengali national identity.

  2. Liberation War of 1971: During the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971, Dhaka University became a symbol of resistance against the Pakistani military regime. Students, faculty members, and staff were actively involved in the fight for independence. The university was a hotbed of revolutionary activity, and many of its students were martyred in the struggle for Bangladesh’s independence. The university’s Central Shaheed Minar stands as a poignant reminder of the sacrifices made during these dark times.

  3. Political Movements and Activism: Throughout the 20th century, Dhaka University has been at the forefront of numerous political movements in Bangladesh. From the pro-democracy movements in the 1960s to the student protests of the 1990s, the university has often been a place of political activism and dissent, with students playing a crucial role in shaping the nation’s political discourse.


Academic Excellence and Faculties


Dhaka University is known for its academic excellence and diverse range of disciplines. The university offers undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral programs across several faculties, including Arts, Science, Social Sciences, Law, Business Studies, Fine Arts, Engineering, and Medicine. Some of the major faculties and departments include:

 

  1. Faculty of Arts: The Faculty of Arts is one of the largest faculties at Dhaka University, offering programs in subjects such as Bengali, English, History, Philosophy, and Political Science. The faculty is known for its rich intellectual tradition and has produced some of Bangladesh’s most prominent writers, poets, and intellectuals.

  2. Faculty of Science: The Faculty of Science is renowned for its research and academic programs in subjects like Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, and Biological Sciences. Many notable scientists have passed through the university, contributing to research in various fields of science.

  3. Faculty of Business Studies: Dhaka University’s Faculty of Business Studies is one of the leading business schools in South Asia. It offers undergraduate and graduate programs in Business Administration and has been instrumental in shaping the business community in Bangladesh.

  4. Faculty of Law: The Faculty of Law is another prominent faculty that has produced influential lawyers, judges, and policymakers in Bangladesh. It offers both undergraduate and postgraduate programs in law and is known for its critical and progressive approach to legal education.

  5. Faculty of Social Sciences: This faculty covers a broad spectrum of subjects related to sociology, economics, anthropology, and psychology. It is a hub for research on social issues, development, and policy-making.

  6. Faculty of Engineering: Dhaka University also offers engineering programs through its Institute of Engineering and Technology (IET). The university is actively involved in promoting research and innovation in the field of engineering, with a focus on sustainable development.


Campus and Infrastructure


The University of Dhaka’s main campus, located in the heart of Dhaka, spans over 600 acres and is home to several historic buildings, green spaces, and facilities. The architecture of the university is a blend of colonial, Islamic, and modern styles, with several buildings being designed by renowned architects.

The campus is dotted with numerous academic buildings, libraries, hostels, student unions, and cultural spaces. Some of the most iconic landmarks on the campus include the Curzon Hall, the Central Library, the Dhaka University Mosque, and the National Museum of Science and Technology.

The university’s central library is one of the largest in Bangladesh, housing millions of books, journals, and research materials. The library is an essential resource for students and researchers across all disciplines.

Cultural Impact and Student Life


Dhaka University has long been a center of cultural and intellectual life in Bangladesh. The campus hosts numerous cultural events, festivals, and exhibitions that celebrate the rich heritage and diversity of the country.

The university is home to several student organizations, including literary societies, music clubs, drama clubs, and debating societies. The cultural activities of the students are a vital part of the university’s identity, and they contribute to the creative and intellectual vibrancy of the institution.

The annual Poetry Recitation Festival, Baishakhi Mela (celebrating Bengali New Year), and University Arts Festival are just a few of the events that showcase the cultural richness of the university. The campus is also a haven for art lovers, with many students pursuing studies in fine arts and contributing to Bangladesh’s thriving art scene.

 

Challenges and Criticisms


Despite its illustrious history and academic achievements, Dhaka University has faced several challenges. One of the most significant challenges is the growing student-politics, which often disrupts academic activities. Students’ political affiliations have, at times, led to violence, strikes, and closures of the university. These disruptions have posed a challenge to maintaining the institution's academic rigor and international reputation.

Moreover, like many institutions in South Asia, Dhaka University struggles with inadequate funding and resources, which has hindered the development of infrastructure and research facilities. Despite these challenges, the university continues to strive for excellence and remains a beacon of higher education in the region.

Conclusion


Dhaka University remains one of the most prestigious institutions of higher learning in South Asia. Its rich history, academic prowess, and cultural impact continue to make it a leading force in the development of Bangladesh. The university has nurtured generations of leaders, intellectuals, and professionals who have significantly contributed to various fields, from politics and business to arts and sciences.

As Bangladesh continues to grow and evolve, Dhaka University’s role in shaping the future of the country remains indispensable. The institution’s commitment to academic excellence, social justice, and intellectual growth makes it a vital pillar of Bangladesh’s educational system. With ongoing efforts to modernize and adapt to global academic standards, Dhaka University’s future as a center of learning and progress is bright.

 

Report this page